Taxes in Canada (CRA Basics)
In Canada, most people file an income tax return once per year with the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA). Filing taxes helps the government calculate if you owe money, get a refund, or qualify for benefits (like GST/HST credit). Even if you had little or no income, filing can still be important for benefits.
Key points
Quick summary for newcomers.
- You usually file taxes for the previous year (for example, in 2026 you file for 2025).
- Filing taxes can help you get refunds and benefits, not just pay money.
- You may receive tax slips like a T4 (employment) or T2202 (tuition).
- Most people file online using CRA-certified software, or with a free tax clinic (if eligible).
- Keep your documents and tax return for your records.
Key dates
Common deadlines and documents.
Typical filing deadline
April 30 (most people)
Self-employed deadline (return)
June 15 (payment is still due April 30)
Important
Deadlines can change — check CRA each year.
Step-by-step preview
What you’ll do in the wizard.
Gather your documents
Collect tax slips (like T4), tuition slips (if you study), and any benefit statements. If you are new, keep your immigration documents and address info ready.
Choose how to file
Most people file online with CRA-certified tax software. If you qualify, you can also use a free community tax clinic.
File and submit your return
Enter your information carefully, review it, and submit your return. Save a copy of what you submitted.
Check your results
After filing, CRA sends a Notice of Assessment. It shows if you owe money, get a refund, or need to correct anything.
Glossary
Simple meanings for common terms.
CRACanada Revenue Agency (the government organization that handles taxes).
Tax returnThe form you submit to report your income and claim credits.
RefundMoney you get back if you paid more tax than needed.
Notice of AssessmentA summary from CRA after they review your return.
T4A slip that shows employment income and deductions from your job.